The numbers and symbol is for when facilities do exist, you see the same number system on lithuium batteries and other products.
I have seen hand sorting facilities, it’s labour intensive for sure, but better than drilling more oil to make more plastic.
For stuff with missing number symbol they do spectral analysis, usually after a lot has been sorted by same product.
Vancouver boasts 96% recycle rate, but not all plastic is recycled into consumer products, much of it it pelletized into fuel pellets. These are then sold to incinerator, furnace or heating places as fuel source rather than burning oil or gas. Not ideal, but better than new fuel use.


This happens in Canada too, the plastics are pelletized as a fuel source